GRE RC Select Many Sample Questions 9

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RC Passage

Society as we know it today consists of people of varied hues and temperaments. People have different opinions and choices as far their careers or inclinations are concerned. Therefore we have a society that has socialists, artists, scientists, entrepreneurs etc. Among the socialists, there are, in the first place, those who plan for a new order of society in which private property and individual competition are to be superseded and are on the scale of a village community or township, and would be applied to an entire country by the multiplication of such self-acting units. The other class, who may be called the revolutionary Socialists, proposes to themselves a much bolder stroke, their scheme is the management of the whole productive resources of the country by one central authority, the general government. And with this view some of them avow as their purpose that the working classes, or somebody in their behalf, should take possession of all the property of the country and administer it for the general benefit. Whatever be the difficulties of the first of these two forms of Socialism, the second must evidently involve the same difficulties and many more. The former, too, has the great advantage that it can be brought into operation progressively, and can prove its capabilities by trial. It can be tried first on a select population, and extended to others as their education and cultivation permit. It need not, and in the natural order of things would not, become an engine of subversion until it had shown itself capable of being also a means of reconstruction. It is not so with the other: the aim of that is to substitute the new rule for the old at a single stroke. And now, coming to artists, one of the chief motives of artistic creation is certainly the need of feeling that we are essential in relationship to the world. If I fix on canvas or in writing a certain aspect of the fields or the sea or a look on someone’s face which I have disclosed, I am conscious of having produced them by condensing relationships, by introducing order where there was none, by imposing the unity of mind on the diversity of things. That is, I feel myself essential in relation to the creative activity. First of all, even if it appears finished to others, the created object always seems to us in a state of suspension; we can always change this line, that shade, that word. Thus, it never forces itself. A novice painter asked his teacher, ‘When should I consider my painting finished?’ And the teacher answered, ‘When you can look at it in amazement and say to yourself ‘I’m the one who did that!’.

Directions:

Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

1. The second form of socialism is more popular because

A. it will lead to the establishment of socialism in a single step
B. it can be implemented at a time chosen by the socialists themselves
C. it is far more judicious as compared to the first form
D. a large number of people advocate this form of socialism
E. people have not yet recognized its disadvantages

Answer

The correct answers are A and B.

The passage brings out that the second form of socialism is more popular as compared to the first one. Options A and B have been clearly brought out as the main reasons for its popularity. It has also been hinted that the first form of socialism is more cautious and reasonable as compared to the second form. Therefore C is incorrect. D and E are clearly incorrect as they are just reinforcing the fact that the second form of socialism is more popular and neither of them describes the reason for this popularity. Hence, A and B are the correct answers.

2. The claim that the first form of socialism would not become an’engine of subversion’ means that it would not become

A. a means for overthrowing the existing system
B. a cause for the ruin of the existing society
C. a means for sabotaging the existing system
D. an engine for bringing changes to the society
E. a reason for bringing progress

Answer

The correct answers are A, B and C.

The word ‘subvert’ means to ‘overthrow’ something or to ’cause the ruin of’ something or to ‘sabotage’ something. This implies that ‘engine of subversion’ is being used to refer to the principles of socialism with respect to the present society. When seen in totality, the author has used ‘engine of subversion’ to specify that the first form of socialism will not be a means to bring ruin to the society while bringing in the required changes. In view of the above, it is obvious that D and E are incorrect and A, B and C are the correct answers.

3. In the context in which it appears, ‘suspension’ is closest in meaning to

A. Cessation
B. Persistence
C. Hanging
D. Abeyance
E. Dormant

Answer

The correct answers are D and E.

The author has used ‘suspension’ to imply that the artistic creation is incomplete in the eyes of the artist as he can always make more changes or adjustments even though the viewers may feel that the creation is complete. ‘Cessation’ means ‘to end something’. Hence, it is obvious that A is an incorrect answer. ‘Persistence’ means ‘steadfastness’ which is not relevant to the meaning intended to be conveyed by the author by using ‘suspension’. Therefore, B is incorrect. ‘Suspension’ may also be used to imply hanging something. However, this is not even close to the context in which the word, ‘suspension’ has been used by the author. Therefore, C is incorrect. ‘Abeyance’ means ‘being inactive’ or ‘dormant’. In view of the above, it is evident that D and E are the correct answers.

4. The example, ‘A novice painter ‘ who did that!’ has beenused by the author to substantiate which of the following?

A. ‘the created object always seems to us in a state of suspension’
B. ‘the need of feeling that we are essential in relationship to the world’
C. ‘I am conscious of having produced them by condensing relationships’
D. ‘we can always change this line, that shade, that word’
E. ‘I feel myself essential in relation to the creative activity’

Answer

The correct answers are A and D.

The author has used the example of the conversation between a novice painter and his teacher to strengthen the argument that although an artistic creation may appear complete to a viewer, it is not complete in the eyes of the artist unless he reaches the stage where he himself is awed by it. Until then the creation is incomplete and it is in a dormant stage. A and D refer to the claim that is being substantiated by the given example and hence, A and D are the correct answers. The other answer options are also related to an artist and his creations but they are not directly being substantiated by the example used by the author towards the end of the passage. This implies thatA and D are the correct answers.

5. It can be inferred from the passage that an artist feels important in relation to his creation because

A. he experiences amazement when he looks at it
B. he senses the power of being able to reveal various facets of nature and things
C. his creation will always be incomplete without him
D. he has the power to destroy it
E. his creation reflects his creativity

Answer

The correct answers are A and B.

The central idea being discussed by the author in relation to artists is the importance of an artist as compared to his creations. A can be inferred by the example related to the novice painter that has been given at the end of the passage. Therefore, A is correct. The author clearly brings out that an artist needs to feel that he is important as he is the one who brings out relationships between things in world by incorporating them in his creations. Therefore, B is correct. C is not justified because it does not specify whether the creation being referred to is being seen through the eyes of the artist or that of the viewers. It is clearly specified that a work of art will appear complete to the viewers even if the artist feels that some more changes can be made to it. Therefore, C is incorrect. D and E are both incorrect as they have neither been discussed nor impliedanywhere in the passage. Therefore, A and B are the correct answers.